Which bisphosphonates are nitrogen containing?
Alendronate, neridronate, ibandronate, pamidronate, risedronate, and zoledronic acid have a nitrogen group and are called nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates, in contrast with etidronate and tiludronate, which do not (figure 2).
Does nitrogen affect osteoporosis?
Background: Bisphosphonates (BPs) are a class of medications used for the treatment of osteoporosis. Nitrogen-containing BPs (N-BPs) are more potent than non-nitrogenous BPs in terms of their effects on osteoporosis.
What is the best bisphosphonate for osteoporosis?
Oral – We suggest alendronate or risedronate as the initial choice of oral bisphosphonate (table 1). We most commonly use alendronate, in part due to direct evidence showing residual fracture benefit in selected patients after completing a five-year course of therapy [1].
What are the different types of bisphosphonates?
There are several different types of bisphosphonate, including:
- disodium pamidronate (Aredia)
- ibandronic acid or ibandronate (Bondronat)
- sodium clodronate (Bonefos, Clasteon, Loron)
- zoledronic acid or zoledronate (Zometa)
How do bisphosphonates work in osteoporosis?
In people with osteoporosis, the bones lose minerals faster than they can be regenerated. Bisphosphonates help prevent your bones from losing calcium and other minerals by slowing or stopping the natural processes that dissolve bone tissue. In doing this, they help your bones remain strong and intact.
What drugs inhibit osteoclasts?
Osteoclast inhibitors (also called antiresorptive agents), such as bisphosphonates and denosumab, significantly reduce both the frequency and time to onset of skeletal-related events (SREs) in patients with bone metastases from a wide variety of cancer types.
What does nitrogen do for bones?
Their use in the treatment of osteoporosis has been shown to be extremely effective, which leads to an increase in bone mass, reduces the rate of bone turnover, and ultimately reduces the incidence of fractures [1].
What are bisphosphonates for osteoporosis?
Bisphosphonates, also known as diphosphonates, are a class of drugs that have been used commonly for more than two decades for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis. Bisphosphonates slow bone resorption by reducing osteoclast function.
What is the safest medicine for osteoporosis?
Bisphosphonates are usually the first choice for osteoporosis treatment. These include: Alendronate (Fosamax), a weekly pill. Risedronate (Actonel), a weekly or monthly pill.
How do nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates suppress bone resorption?
Bisphosphonates suppress bone resorption by a direct effect on early osteoclast precursors without affecting the osteoclastogenic capacity of osteogenic cells: the role of protein geranylgeranylation in the action of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates on osteoclast precursors. Bone. 2002;30:64–70.
How effective are oral nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates in the treatment of breast cancer?
Of the oral nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates, only ibandronate (given in a daily dosage of 50 mg) has been effective in reducing bone pain and limiting skeletal complications of breast cancer.80,81
Which non-nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates are first generation?
Early non–nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (etidronate, clodronate, and tiludronate) (Figure 1, B) are considered first-generation bisphosphonates.
Do bisphosphonates prevent fragility fractures in osteoporotic populations?
A substantial body of evidence has accrued over the past 10–15 years that demonstrates that bisphosphonates prevent fragility fractures in osteoporotic populations (Table 1). Potent bisphosphonates usually increase bone density of the spine by about 5% at 2 years, and reduce levels of biochemical markers of bone turnover by more than 50%.