What is catalytic pyrolysis?
Catalytic pyrolysis is a promising technique to convert plastic waste into liquid oil and other value-added products, using a modified natural zeolite (NZ) catalyst. The modification of NZ catalysts was carried out by novel thermal (TA) and acidic (AA) activation that enhanced their catalytic properties.
What is the best catalyst for biomass pyrolysis?
Zeolites
Zeolites, such as aluminosilicate crystalline solids, with complex pore structures, are used widely and efficiently in the catalytic pyrolysis of biomasses. These catalysts can promote cracking, dehydration, deoxygenation reactions into mostly monoaromatic components production.
What is catalytic conversion of biomass?
Catalytic gasification is a clean energy technology for converting biomass at low gasification temperatures with high efficiency [33,34]. The adopted catalysts can effectively reduce the reaction time and temperature to convert biomass into producer gas with a high calorific value.
What is the product of pyrolysis of biomass?
Thus, pyrolysis of biomass produces three products: one liquid, bio-oil, one solid, bio-char and one gaseous, syngas. The proportion of these products depends on several factors including the composition of the feedstock and process parameters.
What is FCC catalyst made of?
A modern FCC catalyst has four major components: crystalline zeolite, matrix, binder, and filler. Zeolite is the active component and can comprise from about 15 to 50 weight percent of the catalyst. Faujasite (aka Type Y) is the zeolite used in FCC units.
Does pyrolysis require a catalyst?
For the best catalysis in pyrolysis, it can be summarized that acidic catalysts are generally found to promote the pyrolysis vapor yield and inhibited the formation of solid (pyrolysis char) and liquid products, whereas base catalysts usually cause a reduction in the pyrolysis gas yield and promote a higher liquid bio- …
What is the major product of slow pyrolysis of biomass?
biochar
Slow pyrolysis takes several hours to complete and results in biochar as the main product.
What is biomass pyrolysis and its types?
There are three types of pyrolysis: 1) conventional/slow pyrolysis, 2) fast pyrolysis, and 3) ultra-fast/flash pyrolysis. As mentioned earlier, slow pyrolysis is typically used to modify the solid material, minimizing the oil produced. Fast pyrolysis and ultra-fast (flash) pyrolysis maximize the gases and oil produced.
How does FCC catalyst work?
The FCC uses the catalyst and heat to break apart the large molecules of gas oil into the smaller molecules that make up gasoline, distillate, and other higher-value products like butane and propane.